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 Android 12 : The Latest Version of Google's Popular Mobile Operating System

Android 12 is the twelfth major release and 19th version of Android, the mobile operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google.  The first beta was released on May 18, 2021. Android 12 was released publicly on October 4, 2021, through Android Open Source Project (AOSP) and was released to supported Google Pixel devices on October 19, 2021.

As of November 2022 Android 12 is the first most popular Android version on android devices at 30.06%. The first phones to have Android 12 were the Google Pixel 6 and the Pixel 6 Pro.

Brings a range of new features and improvements. Some of the key highlights of Android 12 include:

A new design language: Android 12 introduces a new design language called "Material You," which is designed to be more personalized and expressive. It features more dynamic and customizable elements, such as a new color palette and a new system font.

Improved privacy features: Android 12 includes a number of improvements to privacy features, including the ability to grant one-time permissions to apps, a new feature called "Private Compute Core" that keeps sensitive operations separate from the rest of the system, and more control over data access by apps

Enhanced performance: Android 12 includes a number of improvements to performance, such as reduced memory usage and faster app startup times. It also includes a new feature called "App Hibernation" that automatically shuts down apps that are not being used, which can help to improve battery life.

Android 12 adds support for spatial audio, and MPEG-H 3D Audio, and supports transcoding of HEVC video for backwards compatibility with apps which do not support it. A new API known as HapticGenerator allows the OS to generate haptic feedback from audio on compatible devices.

A "rich content insertion" API eases the ability to transfer formatted text and media between apps, such as via the clipboard. Third party app stores now have the ability to update apps without constantly asking the user for permission.

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New features for developers: Android 12 includes a number of new features and APIs that are aimed at making it easier for developers to create and test apps. These include support for the latest Android features, such as foldable devices and 5G connectivity, as well as improved tools for debugging and testing.

• Easier Wi-Fi sharing.
• AVIF image support.
• Material You, an updated design language based on Material Design.
• Scrolling Screenshot.
• One Handed Mode.
• Android Runtime (ART) module added to the updatable core OS components via Google Play, added functionality to existing modules.
• Area Magnification can zoom in any content on device.
• Extra Dim reduces brightness below minimum level.
• Bold Text.
• Greyscale.
• Mic and Camera indicator and toggle.
• Option to choose precise or approximate location.
• Privacy Dashboard.
• Gestures can work in immersive mode.
• Performance improvements to system services to improve transitions, power efficiency, and reduce app startup times.
• Third party app stores now have the ability to update apps without constantly asking the user for permission.

Overall, Android 12 is a significant update that brings a range of new features and improvements. It is currently in beta and is expected to be released to the public later in the year.